The shepherd as a symbol of God's loving care and protection is a constant through Old and New Testament alike. In Ezekiel 34, paralleling David and Jesus, God berates the shepherds (leaders) of Israel for their self-serving behavior.
Woe to the shepherds of Israel who feed themselves. The weak you have not strengthened, nor have you healed the sick, nor bound up the broken. I will save my flock. I will establish one shepherd over them. He shall feed them and be their shepherd. And I their Lord, will be their God. I will make a covenant of peace with them and they will dwell safely. http://wp.me/pAxFP-8Y
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